juh
0. Introduction - Start Here
1. The Sounds
1. The Sounds
1.1. Consonants
1.2. Vowels
1.3. Stress
2. Grammatical Sketch
2. Grammatical Sketch
2.1. Understanding Klingon Culture
2.2. Style Guide
3. Nouns
3. Nouns
3.1. Simple Nouns
3.2. Complex Nouns
3.2.1. Compound Nouns
3.2.2. Verb plus -wI'/-ghach
3.2.3. Other complex nouns
3.3. Noun suffixes
3.3.1. Type 1: Augmentative, diminutive
3.3.2. Type 2: Number
3.3.3. Type 3: Qualification
3.3.4. Type 4: Possession/specification
3.3.5. Type 5: Syntactic markers
3.4. The noun-noun construction
3.5. Emphasizing Nouns
4. Verbs
4. Verbs
4.1. Pronominal prefixes
4.2.1. Type 1: Oneself/one another
4.2.2. Type 2: Volition/predisposition
4.2.3. Type 3: Change/Resume
4.2.4. Type 4: Cause
4.2.5. Type 5: Indefinite subject/ability
4.2.6. Type 6: Qualification
4.2.7. Type 7: Aspect
4.2.8. Type 8: Honorific
4.2.9. Type 9: Syntactic markers
4.2.10. Relative ordering of the suffixes
4.3. Rovers
4.4. Adjectives
5. Other Kinds of Words
5. Other Kinds of Words
5.1. Pronouns
5.2. Numbers
5.2.1. Using numbers
5.2.2. Math
5.2.4. Time
5.3. Conjunctions
5.4. Adverbials
5.5. Exclamations
5.6. Names and address
6. Syntax
6. Syntax
6.1. Basic sentences
6.2. Complex sentences
6.2.1. Compound sentences
6.2.2. Subordinate clauses
6.2.3. Relative clauses
6.2.4. Purpose clauses
6.2.5. Sentences as objects
6.2.5.1. Instead
6.2.5.2. Should/Ought to
6.2.6. Nominalizer
6.3. "To be"
6.4. Questions
6.6. Comparatives and superlatives
6.7. Placement of adverbial elements
6.8. Indirect objects
6.9. Verbs of motion
6.10. Between
6.11. With
6.12. Speaking and Quoting
6.13. Music
7. Clipped Klingon
7. Clipped Klingon
7.1. Commands
7.2. Responses, status reports
7.3. Duress, excitement
8. Common Grammar Questions
8. Common Grammar Questions
8.1. The Cat in the Hat Problem
8.2. The Elephant I Shot In My Pajamas Problem
8.3. Multiple Adjectives
8.4. I Need To Create
8.5. Relative Clauses: What Possibilities?
8.6. Question as Object
9. HolQeD
9. HolQeD
9.1.1. Some Comments on Orthography
9.1.2. An Interview with Marc Okrand
9.2.2. Letters to the Editor (excerpt)
9.2.4. Okrand's Notes
9.3.2. DS9 Skybox Card
9.3.3.1. Interview: Okrand on -ghach
9.3.3.2. chuvmey I
9.3.4. Everyday Klingon I
9.4.2.1. Interview: Okrand on {-bogh} and more
9.4.2.2. chuvmey II
9.4.3.1. Everyday Klingon II
9.4.3.2. Star Trek I Klingon
9.4.4. More from Maltz
9.5.1. A Note on Proverbs
9.5.2.1. More on Hoch
9.5.2.2. Everyday Klingon III
9.5.2.3. chuvmey III
9.5.3.1. The Tale of 'I'
9.5.3.2. Everyday Klingon IV
9.6.2. Everyday Klingon V
9.7.2. Maltz Online I
9.7.4. Interview with Marc Okrand
9.8.1. Maltz Online II
9.8.3. matlh juppu' mu'mey
9.8.4.1. Maltz Online III
9.8.4.2. Notes from Star Trek V
9.9.3. matlh jup mu'mey
9.9.4.1. Everyday Klingon VI
9.9.4.2. More from Maltz
9.10.2. A Friend of Maltz: nItlhDu' yaDDu' je
9.10.4. matlh juppu' mu'mey
9.11.2. matlh jup mu'mey
9.11.3.2. More From Maltz
9.11.4. Frasier's Klingon
9.12.2. Maltz's Reward: Part I
9.12.3. Maltz's Reward: Part II
9.12.4. Maltz’s Reward: Part III
9.13.1. Maltz's Reward: Part IV
10. Other Canon
10. Other Canon
10.1. Expressions
10.1.1. Sayings
10.1.1.1. Replacement Proverbs
10.1.1.2. Secrecy Proverbs
10.1.1.3. Holiday Proverbs
10.1.1.4. General Proverbs
10.1.2. Idioms
10.1.3. Toasts
10.1.4. Similes
10.1.5. Other Expressions
10.2. Dialogs
10.2.1. At the Hotel
10.2.2. Sightseeing
10.2.3. At the Restaurant
10.2.4. At the bar
10.2.5. Conducting Business
10.3. paq'batlh
10.3.1. The Ground Book
10.3.2. The Force Book
10.3.3. The Impact Book
10.3.4. The Epilogue
11. Examples
11. Examples
11.1. Personal
11.1.1. Salutations and Introductions
11.1.2. Getting to Know Someone
11.1.3. Dialogs
11.2. Numbers, days, and dates
11.2.1. Numbers
11.2.2. Datesd
11.2.3. Time
11.2.4. Dialogs
14. Linguistic Terminology Glossary
14. Linguistic Terminology Glossary
14.1. Phonology: the study of speech sounds
14.1.1. Fundamental concepts
14.1.2. Sound categories
14.1.3. Suprasegmentals
14.1.4. How to make speech sounds
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bodily functions and fluids
body parts
buildings
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clothing
continent
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family
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idiom
job/vocation/avocation/person descriptor
language
location and movement
medical terms
music
natural locations
plant
random locations
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rooms of a house
space craft
state/province
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verb of motion
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Beginner - Getting Started
Beginner - Introducing vI-
Beginner - Introducing -be'
Beginner - Introducing jI-
Beginner - Introducing -nIS
Beginner - Introducing bI-
Beginner - Introducing -'a'
Beginner - Introducing Da-
Intermediate - Introducing -bogh
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'eSrIv
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'eSrIv
Earthlings: Ugly bags of mostly water
Hallmark Commercial
Hamlet Excerpt
Monopoly Combat Cards
Monopoly Honor Cards
Quotable Klingon Cards
Skybox Cards
Games
mu'oy
mu' nagh
Tools
Text Processor
pIqaD Maker
pIqaD in Discord
Testing
Dictionary
Categories
aliens and planets
animals
being
bodily functions and fluids
body parts
buildings
city
clothing
continent
country
elements and substances
family
food
idiom
job/vocation/avocation/person descriptor
language
location and movement
medical terms
music
natural locations
plant
random locations
rank/position
rooms of a house
space craft
state/province
time
verb of motion
war
weaponry
Word Types
Abverb
Conjunction
Exclamation
Idiom
Name
Noun
Noun (slang)
Number
Phrase
Pronoun
Question Word
Verb
Verb (slang)
Recently Added Words
Recently Updated Words
Reference
Noun Suffix Table
Verb Prefix Tables
Verb Suffix Table
Age
Anatomy
On Birds
Compass Directions
Gestures
Kinship Terms
Mathematics
Numbers and Time
Qov's 5 Rules
Verbs of Speech
Lessons
Beginner - Getting Started
Beginner - Introducing vI-
Beginner - Introducing -be'
Beginner - Introducing jI-
Beginner - Introducing -nIS
Beginner - Introducing bI-
Beginner - Introducing -'a'
Beginner - Introducing Da-
Intermediate - Introducing -bogh
Corpus
Canon
Noncanon
Bird of Prey Poster
Media
'eSrIv
Earthlings: Ugly bags of mostly water
Hallmark Commercial
Hamlet Excerpt
Monopoly Combat Cards
Monopoly Honor Cards
Quotable Klingon Cards
Skybox Cards
Games
mu'oy
mu' nagh
Tools
Text Processor
pIqaD Maker
pIqaD in Discord
Testing
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Grammar
10.3.0 paq'batlh
Grammar Index
Toggle sidebar
0. Introduction - Start Here
1. The Sounds
1 The Sounds
1.1 Consonants
1.2 Vowels
1.3 Stress
1. The Sounds
1 The Sounds
1.1 Consonants
1.2 Vowels
1.3 Stress
2. Grammatical Sketch
2 Grammatical Sketch
2.1 Understanding Klingon Culture
2.2 Style Guide
2. Grammatical Sketch
2 Grammatical Sketch
2.1 Understanding Klingon Culture
2.2 Style Guide
3. Nouns
3 Nouns
3.1 Simple Nouns
3.2 Complex Nouns
3.2.1 Compound Nouns
3.2.2 Verb plus -wI'/-ghach
3.2.3 Other complex nouns
3.3 Noun suffixes
3.3.1 Type 1: Augmentative, diminutive
3.3.2 Type 2: Number
3.3.3 Type 3: Qualification
3.3.4 Type 4: Possession/specification
3.3.5 Type 5: Syntactic markers
3.4 The noun-noun construction
3.5 Emphasizing Nouns
3. Nouns
3 Nouns
3.1 Simple Nouns
3.2 Complex Nouns
3.2.1 Compound Nouns
3.2.2 Verb plus -wI'/-ghach
3.2.3 Other complex nouns
3.3 Noun suffixes
3.3.1 Type 1: Augmentative, diminutive
3.3.2 Type 2: Number
3.3.3 Type 3: Qualification
3.3.4 Type 4: Possession/specification
3.3.5 Type 5: Syntactic markers
3.4 The noun-noun construction
3.5 Emphasizing Nouns
4. Verbs
4 Verbs
4.1 Pronominal prefixes
4.2.1 Type 1: Oneself/one another
4.2.2 Type 2: Volition/predisposition
4.2.3 Type 3: Change/Resume
4.2.4 Type 4: Cause
4.2.5 Type 5: Indefinite subject/ability
4.2.6 Type 6: Qualification
4.2.7 Type 7: Aspect
4.2.8 Type 8: Honorific
4.2.9 Type 9: Syntactic markers
4.2.10 Relative ordering of the suffixes
4.3 Rovers
4.4 Adjectives
4. Verbs
4 Verbs
4.1 Pronominal prefixes
4.2.1 Type 1: Oneself/one another
4.2.2 Type 2: Volition/predisposition
4.2.3 Type 3: Change/Resume
4.2.4 Type 4: Cause
4.2.5 Type 5: Indefinite subject/ability
4.2.6 Type 6: Qualification
4.2.7 Type 7: Aspect
4.2.8 Type 8: Honorific
4.2.9 Type 9: Syntactic markers
4.2.10 Relative ordering of the suffixes
4.3 Rovers
4.4 Adjectives
5. Other Kinds of Words
5 Other Kinds of Words
5.1 Pronouns
5.2 Numbers
5.2.1 Using numbers
5.2.2 Math
5.2.4 Time
5.3 Conjunctions
5.4 Adverbials
5.5 Exclamations
5.6 Names and address
5. Other Kinds of Words
5 Other Kinds of Words
5.1 Pronouns
5.2 Numbers
5.2.1 Using numbers
5.2.2 Math
5.2.4 Time
5.3 Conjunctions
5.4 Adverbials
5.5 Exclamations
5.6 Names and address
6. Syntax
6 Syntax
6.1 Basic sentences
6.2 Complex sentences
6.2.1 Compound sentences
6.2.2 Subordinate clauses
6.2.3 Relative clauses
6.2.4 Purpose clauses
6.2.5 Sentences as objects
6.2.5.1 Instead
6.2.5.2 Should/Ought to
6.2.6 Nominalizer
6.3 "To be"
6.4 Questions
6.6 Comparatives and superlatives
6.7 Placement of adverbial elements
6.8 Indirect objects
6.9 Verbs of motion
6.10 Between
6.11 With
6.12 Speaking and Quoting
6.13 Music
6. Syntax
6 Syntax
6.1 Basic sentences
6.2 Complex sentences
6.2.1 Compound sentences
6.2.2 Subordinate clauses
6.2.3 Relative clauses
6.2.4 Purpose clauses
6.2.5 Sentences as objects
6.2.5.1 Instead
6.2.5.2 Should/Ought to
6.2.6 Nominalizer
6.3 "To be"
6.4 Questions
6.6 Comparatives and superlatives
6.7 Placement of adverbial elements
6.8 Indirect objects
6.9 Verbs of motion
6.10 Between
6.11 With
6.12 Speaking and Quoting
6.13 Music
7. Clipped Klingon
7 Clipped Klingon
7.1 Commands
7.2 Responses, status reports
7.3 Duress, excitement
7. Clipped Klingon
7 Clipped Klingon
7.1 Commands
7.2 Responses, status reports
7.3 Duress, excitement
8. Common Grammar Questions
8 Common Grammar Questions
8.1 The Cat in the Hat Problem
8.2 The Elephant I Shot In My Pajamas Problem
8.3 Multiple Adjectives
8.4 I Need To Create
8.5 Relative Clauses: What Possibilities?
8.6 Question as Object
8. Common Grammar Questions
8 Common Grammar Questions
8.1 The Cat in the Hat Problem
8.2 The Elephant I Shot In My Pajamas Problem
8.3 Multiple Adjectives
8.4 I Need To Create
8.5 Relative Clauses: What Possibilities?
8.6 Question as Object
9. HolQeD
9 HolQeD
9.1.1 Some Comments on Orthography
9.1.2 An Interview with Marc Okrand
9.2.2 Letters to the Editor (excerpt)
9.2.4 Okrand's Notes
9.3.2 DS9 Skybox Card
9.3.3.1 Interview: Okrand on -ghach
9.3.3.2 chuvmey I
9.3.4 Everyday Klingon I
9.4.2.1 Interview: Okrand on {-bogh} and more
9.4.2.2 chuvmey II
9.4.3.1 Everyday Klingon II
9.4.3.2 Star Trek I Klingon
9.4.4 More from Maltz
9.5.1 A Note on Proverbs
9.5.2.1 More on Hoch
9.5.2.2 Everyday Klingon III
9.5.2.3 chuvmey III
9.5.3.1 The Tale of 'I'
9.5.3.2 Everyday Klingon IV
9.6.2 Everyday Klingon V
9.7.2 Maltz Online I
9.7.4 Interview with Marc Okrand
9.8.1 Maltz Online II
9.8.3 matlh juppu' mu'mey
9.8.4.1 Maltz Online III
9.8.4.2 Notes from Star Trek V
9.9.3 matlh jup mu'mey
9.9.4.1 Everyday Klingon VI
9.9.4.2 More from Maltz
9.10.2 A Friend of Maltz: nItlhDu' yaDDu' je
9.10.4 matlh juppu' mu'mey
9.11.2 matlh jup mu'mey
9.11.3.2 More From Maltz
9.11.4 Frasier's Klingon
9.12.2 Maltz's Reward: Part I
9.12.3 Maltz's Reward: Part II
9.12.4 Maltz’s Reward: Part III
9.13.1 Maltz's Reward: Part IV
9. HolQeD
9 HolQeD
9.1.1 Some Comments on Orthography
9.1.2 An Interview with Marc Okrand
9.2.2 Letters to the Editor (excerpt)
9.2.4 Okrand's Notes
9.3.2 DS9 Skybox Card
9.3.3.1 Interview: Okrand on -ghach
9.3.3.2 chuvmey I
9.3.4 Everyday Klingon I
9.4.2.1 Interview: Okrand on {-bogh} and more
9.4.2.2 chuvmey II
9.4.3.1 Everyday Klingon II
9.4.3.2 Star Trek I Klingon
9.4.4 More from Maltz
9.5.1 A Note on Proverbs
9.5.2.1 More on Hoch
9.5.2.2 Everyday Klingon III
9.5.2.3 chuvmey III
9.5.3.1 The Tale of 'I'
9.5.3.2 Everyday Klingon IV
9.6.2 Everyday Klingon V
9.7.2 Maltz Online I
9.7.4 Interview with Marc Okrand
9.8.1 Maltz Online II
9.8.3 matlh juppu' mu'mey
9.8.4.1 Maltz Online III
9.8.4.2 Notes from Star Trek V
9.9.3 matlh jup mu'mey
9.9.4.1 Everyday Klingon VI
9.9.4.2 More from Maltz
9.10.2 A Friend of Maltz: nItlhDu' yaDDu' je
9.10.4 matlh juppu' mu'mey
9.11.2 matlh jup mu'mey
9.11.3.2 More From Maltz
9.11.4 Frasier's Klingon
9.12.2 Maltz's Reward: Part I
9.12.3 Maltz's Reward: Part II
9.12.4 Maltz’s Reward: Part III
9.13.1 Maltz's Reward: Part IV
10. Other Canon
10 Other Canon
10.1 Expressions
10.1.1 Sayings
10.1.1.1 Replacement Proverbs
10.1.1.2 Secrecy Proverbs
10.1.1.3 Holiday Proverbs
10.1.1.4 General Proverbs
10.1.2 Idioms
10.1.3 Toasts
10.1.4 Similes
10.1.5 Other Expressions
10.2 Dialogs
10.2.1 At the Hotel
10.2.2 Sightseeing
10.2.3 At the Restaurant
10.2.4 At the bar
10.2.5 Conducting Business
10.3 paq'batlh
10.3.1 The Ground Book
10.3.2 The Force Book
10.3.3 The Impact Book
10.3.4 The Epilogue
10. Other Canon
10 Other Canon
10.1 Expressions
10.1.1 Sayings
10.1.1.1 Replacement Proverbs
10.1.1.2 Secrecy Proverbs
10.1.1.3 Holiday Proverbs
10.1.1.4 General Proverbs
10.1.2 Idioms
10.1.3 Toasts
10.1.4 Similes
10.1.5 Other Expressions
10.2 Dialogs
10.2.1 At the Hotel
10.2.2 Sightseeing
10.2.3 At the Restaurant
10.2.4 At the bar
10.2.5 Conducting Business
10.3 paq'batlh
10.3.1 The Ground Book
10.3.2 The Force Book
10.3.3 The Impact Book
10.3.4 The Epilogue
11. Examples
11 Examples
11.1 Personal
11.1.1 Salutations and Introductions
11.1.2 Getting to Know Someone
11.1.3 Dialogs
11.2 Numbers, days, and dates
11.2.1 Numbers
11.2.2 Datesd
11.2.3 Time
11.2.4 Dialogs
11. Examples
11 Examples
11.1 Personal
11.1.1 Salutations and Introductions
11.1.2 Getting to Know Someone
11.1.3 Dialogs
11.2 Numbers, days, and dates
11.2.1 Numbers
11.2.2 Datesd
11.2.3 Time
11.2.4 Dialogs
14. Linguistic Terminology Glossary
14 Linguistic Terminology Glossary
14.1 Phonology: the study of speech sounds
14.1.1 Fundamental concepts
14.1.2 Sound categories
14.1.3 Suprasegmentals
14.1.4 How to make speech sounds
14. Linguistic Terminology Glossary
14 Linguistic Terminology Glossary
14.1 Phonology: the study of speech sounds
14.1.1 Fundamental concepts
14.1.2 Sound categories
14.1.3 Suprasegmentals
14.1.4 How to make speech sounds
10.3.0
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