Type 1 suffixes modify the meaning of a noun by expressing size, importance, or emotional attachment. Only one Type 1 suffix can be added to a noun at a time.

-'a' (augmentative)

This suffix indicates that the noun refers to something larger, more important, or more powerful.

• SuS – wind, breeze → SuS'a' – strong wind
• Qagh – mistake → Qagh'a’ – major blunder
• woQ – power → woQ’a' – ultimate power

-Hom (diminutive)

This suffix shows that the noun refers to something smaller, less important, or less powerful.

• SuS – wind, breeze → SuSHom – wisp of air
• roj – peace → rojHom – truce, temporary peace

These suffixes are not direct equivalents of tIn (big) or mach (small). They often create a new meaning that may require a completely different word in English. For example:

• loD – man → loDHom – boy
• bIQ – water → bIQ’a' – ocean

-oy (endearment)

This suffix shows affection or fondness. It is rare and used primarily for close family members or pets. It is unique because it begins with a vowel. When added to a noun that ends in a vowel, a glottal stop (’ ) is usually inserted before the suffix. Non-native speakers are advised to use this suffix cautiously, as it carries strong cultural connotations.

• vav – father → vavoy – daddy
• be'nI' – sister → be'nI'oy – sis

Distinction Between -Hom/-'a' and mach/tIn

While mach and tIn refer strictly to physical size, -Hom and -'a' suggest differences in size, importance, power, or intensity. However, sometimes both forms may be grammatically acceptable, and usage depends on cultural or idiomatic preference.

For example, the word naQHom ("small staff" or "stick") is commonly used to refer to the stick used for striking percussion instruments. Technically, naQ mach would also be correct and would mean "small stick", but naQHom is the term more frequently used in musical contexts. In other contexts, naQHom may simply mean a stick of lesser significance.

Similarly, bo'Dagh'a' and bo'DaghHom mean "big scoop" and "little scoop", respectively. tIn and mach could also be applied, but again, usage patterns have led to the suffix forms being more idiomatic.

Usage of loDHom and be'Hom

The suffix -Hom can be used to indicate a young version of a person, such as loDHom ("boy") or be’Hom ("girl"). However, in Klingon culture, loD and be’ are typically used for males and females of any age. -Hom is usually reserved for children and is generally not used past the Age of Ascension. If referring to a teenager or young adult, it is more appropriate to simply say loD or be’.