Not so much a problem as an ambiguity, the Elephant I Shot In My Pajamas problem is an issue with the interpretation of sentences which contain elements marked with -Daq. The name of the problem comes from an old Groucho Marx joke that exploits this ambiguity, which also exists in English:

Yesterday I shot an elephant in my pajamas. How he got in my pajamas, I don't know.

The Klingon equivalent - wa'Hu' nIvnavwIjDaq mIl'oD vIHoHta'. qatlh nIvnavwIj tuQ? jISovbe'. - demonstrates the problem: We don't know whether the speaker or the sabre bear is wearing the pajamas until we have a disambiguating context.

The solution to the problem:

• If writing sentences where interpretation is a problem, disambiguate them, either by recasting or by context (unless this ambiguity is what you're looking for, as in the joke above). Disambiguation shouldn't normally be a problem, unless the unintended second meaning might insult someone. It makes very little sense for a sabre bear to be wearing pajamas, for instance.

• Try wa'Hu' nIvnavwIj vItuQtaHvIS mIl'oD vIHoHta' as a recast, or as an example of contextual disambiguation, wa'Hu' nIvnavwIjDaq mIl'oD vIHoHta' ghIq nIvnavwIj vItuQHa'. Normally, context should disambiguate the meanings fairly well. The problem tends to arise where people try to translate isolated sentences rather than connected text.

This question and answer came from the KLI Wiki. The final sentence points out a common issue.