-'egh (oneself)

The suffix -'egh indicates that the action of the verb affects the subject itself. It is equivalent to the English "self". When using this suffix, a verb prefix indicating "no object" must also be used.

• jIqIp'egh - I hit myself (qIp - hit)

• bIqIp'egh - you hit yourself

• qIp'egh - he/she hits himself/herself

This suffix can also be used with imperative (command) verbs. Again, the prefix set indicating "no object" must be used:

• yIja''egh - tell yourself! (ja' - tell)

• peja''egh - tell yourselves!

-chuq (one another)

The suffix -chuq indicates reciprocal action, meaning the subjects are performing the action upon one another. It translates as "each other" or "one another". This suffix is used only with plural subjects, and verbs using it must also take prefixes from the "no object" set.

• maqIpchuq - we hit each other (qIp - hit)

• SuqIpchuq - you (plural) hit each other

• qIpchuq - they hit each other

• peqIpchuq - hit each other! (command form)

When combining these suffixes with the -moH suffix, the object remains oneself/one another and an object noun is not used.

• jIqIp'eghmoH - I cause myself to hit

• maQuchchuqmoH - We cause each other to be happy

When an object is added to the sentence, switch to using -vaD as described in section 4.2.4:

• jIHvaD HoD vIqIpmoH - I cause myself to hit the captain

• maHvaD SuvwI' wImojmoH - We cause each other to become warriors

• tlhIHvaD tlhIH SuvmoH HoD - the captain causes you all to fight you all

If the object pronoun and the pronoun with -vaD represent the same agent acting on itself, -chuq and -'egh can be used. These combinations of objects and subjects cannot be described with prefixes so pronouns must be used instead:

• tlhIH SuvchuqmoH HoD - the captain causes you all to fight each other

• ghaH qIp'eghmoH jIH - I cause him to hit himself